CHARACTER INTRODUCTION Essay Example For Students

CHARACTER INTRODUCTION Essay BILBO BAGGINS: The Hobbit who drove the Dwarves to the LonelyMountain to recla im their fortune from the winged serpent Smaug. He foundthe One Ring in Gollums caveGANDALF: The Wizard that goes with Bilbo and the dwarves ontheir mission. He is knowledgeable in enchantment spells and regularly calls uponthem to spare his companions. THORIN OAKENSHIELD: Son of the King of Dwarves who were drivenfrom the Lonel y Mountain by Smaug. With the guide of Gandalf and Bilbohe looks for recapture his trea sure and the seat. When Smaug kicked the bucket he trulybecame King under the Mountain, t hough he was executed in battle in thebattle of five Armies. SMAUG: The monster of the Lonely Mountain who crowds the treasurehe took from the dwarves of Dale. GOLLUM: He is ideal case of the shrewd forces of the One Ring. He was brought into the world a Hobbit however had the ring excessively long. It made him into aslimey little animal who just lives to have the ring. Versifier: The bowman who executed Smaug. He shot the mythical beast in the onespot it had no assurance. The towns individuals later considered him ahero. What the individuals didnt realize it was Bilbo who found the weakspot in the winged serpents iron scales. BEORN: A foe of orcs, he becomes companions with Bilbo andGandalf. He has th e capacity to change structures from human to hold up under. Itis he who decides the outco me of the skirmish of five Armies. STORY SUMMARYThe book starts with Bilbo Baggins getting a charge out of a funnel afterbreakfast. Th is one of his preferred joys and he feels quitecontent in doing as such. He is moderately aged, and dwells in a clean warmburrow in the ground. One morning Gandalf, a wizard makes a trip to talk with Bilbo. Heinforms Bilbo that he is searching for somebody to go on an undertaking withhim. In spite of the fact that Bilbo is enticed he decreases, however not before invitingGandalf for tea the following morning. The following day Bilbo hears his doorbell and he reviews invitingGandalf for tea, however rather than the wizard at the entryway, there is agroup of dwarves thirteen taking all things together. Thorin child of the smaller person lord begins to plot an arrangement on how toregain the tr easure taken by the monster Smaug. Bilbo is stunned torealize these plans include him! He at that point understands that Gandalf hastricked him by writing on his doo r that he was a thief looking for ajob with heaps of fervor. With so much discussion of missions and gloryBilbo chooses to join the gathering all things considered. Gandalf uncovers a key and a guide of their excursion which closes at theLon ely Mountain. It is there that the fortune of Thorins ancestorsare kept-guar ded by Smaug. The journey starts and the gathering meets at the Green Dragon Inn. Fromthere they adventure into the Lone-lands. As overwhelming downpours start to fall,Bilbo notice s that Gandalf is missing. At the point when it begins to pour theystop to explore a light. There Bilbo discovers three trolls grumblingabout food. Bilbo chooses to satisfy title of criminal and endeavors to pickone of the trolls pocket. Anyway they rapidly catch him. The dwarfssee whats going on and attempt to spare poor Bilbo yet all of themexcept Thorin is gotten. Thorin details an arrangement of liberating them butfails. Gandalf returns and possesses the trolls till first light, at that point the turninto stone. They bunch take the two blades and a blade the trolls werecarrying. .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a , .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a .postImageUrl , .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a , .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a:hover , .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a:visited , .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a:active { border:0!important; } .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a:active , .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a:hover { haziness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enrichment: underline; } .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u120fe9dab98fca21b79 5a7dd96cdd72a .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u120fe9dab98fca21b795a7dd96cdd72a:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Humanities Through the Arts: Artistic Criticism EssayThe voyagers go over the Secret Valley. There they stop atElrond s Last Homely House. Elrond reveals to them the best way to utilize thekey that Thorin has is to hold up where the thrush thumps and thesetting sun will try to please the keyhole. The following morning the gathering makes a beeline for the Misty Mountains. Astorm has made them look for cover in a cavern. The cavern howeverturns out to be a passage to the troll realm. By and by thegroup is caught. Just Gandalf is free, and he kills the Goblin King,and by and by free the gathering from approach ing fate. During the departure Bilbo is thumped oblivious and is deserted. He gets up to wind up power which makes its wearer imperceptible thering which Bilbo found. Bilbo slips the ring upon his finger and vanishes. He followsGollum covertly toward the passageway to the outside world. He thenbounds over Gollu ms head to opportunity. Outside he is brought together with

Essay on Hotel Dreamland Business Proposal Essay Example For Students

Article on Hotel Dreamland Business Proposal Essay Official Summary Business Overview: The proposed little boutique lodging will have up to 30 spaces for housing with a little eatery, cooking for 50 individuals and serving and breakfast and Dinner. What's more, the inn will have an open/mixed drink bar, pool, tennis court, pool and gym. Possession Structure: The possession structure of this little boutique lodging will be sole ownership. Business Name of the Hotel: ‘Hotel Dreamland’ Area: The area to set up this new business is New South Wales (NSW), Australia. It is the capital and biggest city of Sydney. The number of inhabitants in the city is around 7,099,700 (most crowded state). It is most lovely spot for visitor, which is one of the primary motivations to choose the area for the business. An inn business requires an enormous populace and vacationer to focus for accomplishing the deals. The consciousness of the item or administration type is a significant factor to choose the area for a new business. The possibilities from the city like New South Wales are likewise mindful of the kind of the administrations, items and industry. Passage Strategy: So as to begin a little boutique inn in the business of New South Wales, the most suitable techniques would permit and consent through Business License Information Service. Business Potential: The point of proposed business is to offer quality types of assistance and great experience of inn to the enormous number of travelers. The business will make both the organization and the customer upbeat in light of the fact that the center component of the business is to give best and financially savvy administrations and items to the individual who needs it. This will likewise help is creating a high measure of income, which is one of the principle . .ers. Competitor’s Analysis: In NSW, Australia, various inns are offering their types of assistance to the shoppers. The immediate contenders of Dreamland Hotel are Hunter Valley, Wollombi, Orange and Gerringong (NSW Hotels, 2010). Every one of these inns serve their clients with quality and bewildering administrations. Every one of these lodgings have best administrations and representatives to give a heavenly encounter to their visitor. Then again, every one of these lodgings have set up their solid nearness in the NSW’s business (Elston, 2010). Market Segmentation: The choice of target advertise for Dreamland Hotel would be founded on the segment and social buying portions. The best appropriate objective market for this section is the sightseers, who incline toward extravagance and spectacular experience of a little boutique inn, youths, adolescents, moderately aged people (Kangis Rankin, 1996).

The Link Between PTSD and Social Anxiety Disorder

The Link Between PTSD and Social Anxiety Disorder PTSD Related Conditions Print The Relationship Between PTSD and Social Anxiety Disorder Guilt and Shame in PTSD Patients May Lead to SAD By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on February 14, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 29, 2019 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Felbert + Eickenberg / STOCK4B / Getty Images PTSD and social anxiety disorder (SAD) commonly co-occur, and there are a number of possible reasons why people with PTSD, as compared to those without the diagnosis, may be more likely to develop fears of social situations. What Is Social Anxiety Disorder? SAD (sometimes also called social phobia) is considered an anxiety disorder. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, to be diagnosed with SAD, you need to have a frequent and unending fear of social situations or situations where you are expected to perform in some way. In these situations, you come into contact with unfamiliar people or experience the possibility of scrutiny by others. You may also experience fear in appearing anxious or acting out in a way that will bring about embarrassment or humiliation. Moreover, your upcoming contact with a feared situation almost always causes anxiety, maybe even in the form of a panic attack. You recognize that the fear you experience in response to social situations is unreasonable or greater than it should be, and you avoid situations you fear. If you have to be in those situations, you do so with high levels of anxiety and distress. These symptoms interfere considerably with many aspects of your life (work, relationships, etc.) and are not due to medication, a substance (i.e., alcohol), a medical condition or other disorder. Signs That You May Have Social Anxiety Disorder Rates of SAD Among People With PTSD Research  shows that the rates of diagnosed SAD in the last year occur in approximately 14 to 46 percent of people with PTSD. This percentage is variable because it depends on the group of people a study is examining. For example, research shows that populations with the highest rate of both SAD and PTSD are veterans with PTSD and people who seek out treatment for PTSD. Why Are PTSD and SAD Related? A number of theories have been proposed to explain why PTSD and SAD are related. First, the symptoms of PTSD may make a person feel different, as though they cant relate or connect with others. A person with PTSD may have difficulties communicating or interacting with others for fear of coming into contact with trauma-related reminders. All of this may feed the development of SAD. In addition, many people with PTSD feel high levels of shame, guilt, and self-blame, and these feelings may lead to SAD. Finally, there is evidence that SAD among people with PTSD stems from depression. People with PTSD often experience depression, which may lead to social withdrawal, isolation, and a lack of motivation that could contribute to the development of SAD. Overall, research suggests that the link between PTSD and SAD is complex, stemming from multiple factors including a persons genes, history of trauma, and psychological vulnerabilities, like fear of being negatively evaluated by others. Further studies will hopefully help experts tease apart the precise relationship between PTSD and SAD. Getting Help If you have PTSD and SAD, it is important to seek help.  Fortunately, there are many effective treatments for SAD. In addition, there are treatments for PTSD that have been shown to be successful in reducing symptoms. By getting treatment for PTSD, you may also notice that your symptoms of SAD are lower as well.   The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

Essay on Modern Western Political Thought - 1157 Words

â€Å"Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.† with this now famous quotation Jean- Jacque Rousseau begins his work The Social Contract. The purpose of The Social Contract was to establish how people could enter into civil societies without sacrificing their individual freedom. Rousseau envisions a social contract that would bind people together. To analyze The Social Contract we must examine how Rousseau addresses the four problems of political philosophy order, freedom, justice, and history. First the problem of order will be addressed. To determine how Rousseau handles the problem of order it must be decided whether the state Rousseau describes is natural or artificial. Rousseau believes that man is born into a state of nature.†¦show more content†¦Thus, the origin of the state comes from the desire of man to free him from the physical nature of the state of nature to preserve himself and his property. The final aspect of the problem of order is how the state will itself will be ordered. Rousseau doesn’t provide specifics on how the state should be ordered; instead he provides some generalities on how the foundation of the state should be formed. Man enters into a social contract with other men to form a civil society. These men form the sovereign of the state. The sovereign is its own individual entity but is comprised of each citizen of the state. The sovereign is the ultimate authority of the state. The sovereign then passes fundamental laws, these laws lay the foundation for the form of the state. These foundation laws are based on the general will of the state. The general will of the state, which is a reflection of all the individual wills in the state, is the will of the whole of the state, the general will should be for the good of the whole. The fundamental laws the sovereign passes, based on the general will determine the form of government that the state will implement. Rousseau does not prescribe a specific form of government which each state must use. Instead he allows each state to form their own government whether that is a democracy, aristocracy, monarchy, or a mixed form. HeShow MoreRelatedThe Evolution of Western Thought Essay1502 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout modern history no other period of human evolution has had a greater effect on the way people think than the enlightenment. The philosophers and great thinkers of the enlightenment changed the logic of the human mind for the better and propelled a period of mass advancement in all aspects of society. Western thought progressed over time to help build a more intellectual society. Modern philosophers such as Max Horkheimer and Immanuel Kant incorporated their views of Western Thought into theirRead MoreThe Transition Of Medieval Western Civilization970 Words   |  4 PagesThought Paper #1 The transition from medieval western civilization to the Modern Age placed Western Europe in a position of global, political, and technological dominance and most importantly gave rise to the core of western thought: humanism and individualism. This hallmark thought however, would be nonexistent without the arts. The arts and artists of the Renaissance period and the Enlightenment reflect the prevailing values of not only Western Europe but in fact the Western world as a whole. PriorRead MoreThe Rise Of Modern Republicanism1476 Words   |  6 PagesWith the rise of modern republicanism since the seventeenth century, the word â€Å"citizen† was gradually detached from its municipal boundary and became attached to the state (Heater, 2004a). As Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) revealed, the people of a state are both citizens and subjects: citizens when devising the General Will – for the community’s best interests, and subjects when obeying those decisions. To en sure the equality between citizens, Rousseau proposed a social pact or contract. AccordingRead More Fukyama V huntington Essay722 Words   |  3 Pages Francis Fukuyama and Samuel Huntington are two of the most controversial and influential modern political theorists of our times. Fukuyama’s book, The End of History and the Last Man, and Huntington’s book, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order, pose two very conflicting theories on international relations. In this paper I will summarize and compare/contrast the two theories. Both theories, written since the fall of communism and updated since the first gulf war, have been widelyRead MoreThe Secularization of the Western World Essay1680 Words   |  7 PagesSecularization is a controversial form of social change in modern day society. Secularization is a concept derived from a Latin word meaning â€Å"the present age,† the term is generally associated with modern, technologically, and advan ced societies. â€Å"Secularism is a political tradition that has been evolving for eighteenth centuries. It shares important relationships with other traditions, sustaining complex ties with Judeo-Christianity, and maintaining a long-standing relationship with Islam† ( HurdRead MoreIslam And Western Imperialism In Islam998 Words   |  4 Pageschallenges throughout history, Islam’s encounter with Western imperialism during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries has had the greatest impact on contemporary Islam. These encounters with Western powers influenced and shaped the Muslim world by introducing Islam to modernity. The Islamic world’s varied reaction to these challenges of modernity affects a wide range of issues in Islam today. To understand how the Muslim world reacted to Western influence, we must understand what they were reactingRead MoreApathy And Its Impact On Society850 Words   |  4 Pagesnature. In ancient Athens, Aristotle declared that ‘man is a political animal’, meaning by this that a full human existence demanded active participation in the public life of the agora. Apathy in this respect would mean being condemned to a subhuman existence. For Christian thinkers of the Medieval Age, by contrast, the highest good is outside politics, being the purely personal quest for religious salvation. 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Science, philosophy, art and politics were interwoven and combined into one worldview. Moreover, those who look carefully will find subtle, but intelligible parallels between early Greek philosophy and Eastern thought. The Heraclitean fire resembles Buddhist impermanence, while the Greek Logos resemblesRead MoreTradition And Heritage Of The Middle East1278 Words   |  6 Pageswide spread of the modern Middle East. As Americans, or any allies of the Middle East, it is important to understand the tribal system in order to interact with the Middle East. The purpose tribes serve in the modern Middle East is protection. This protection comes in many forms such as protection from the government, protection from vigilantes, protection from other tribes, protection for survival, and to ensure the tribe can prosper and flourish throughout time. In order for Western societies to have

Should Capital Punishment Be Allowed - 1376 Words

Effectiveness in Death Penalty Over the past forty-years, 1,421 executions have been conducted by thirty-one states and the federal government under the capital punishment sentence (â€Å"Facts About the Death Penalty†). Throughout those years however, controversial opinions have aroused on whether the capital punishment should be permitted, its success on reflecting a deterrent effect, and even its morality. Although it is often argued that Capital punishment is appropriate when the crime reaches an egregious extent, the revocation of constitutional securities, discrimination within race and income status, as well as the insufficiency to achieve a deterrent effect prevail over the validation of society’s ultimate punishment–the death penalty. In Wilkinson v. Utah (1879), the Supreme Court ruled that capital punishment was not a violation of the Eighth Amendment s â€Å"prohibition on cruel and unusual punishment†, therefore allowing congress or any state lawmaking body to endorse capital punishment for homicide and other capital offenses. Overtime, however, the Supreme court has issued numerous rulings on the use of capital punishments that the Eighth Amendment outlines in regard to certain procedural aspects that reflect when a jury may utilize capital punishment and the undergoing process of the death sentence itself. The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 states the permitted process of death sentence executions: â€Å"lethal injection, electrocution, lethal gas,Show MoreRelatedCapital Punishment Should Be Allowed955 Words   |  4 PagesCapital punishment is execution, which can furthermore be identified as the death penalty, has been a hot topic in the public eye for a while. The question on lots of minds is whether it is acceptable for the state to terminate one’s life for the crime they have committed. A significant question that we will address is whether or not capital punishment should be allowed. By inquiring more information about this topic people should be able to formulate their own opinions on this debate. As I beganRead MoreCapital Punishment Should Be Allowed Or Not?927 Words   |  4 PagesIn the United States of America, the issue of capital punishment is one of the major controversial topics which is being debated over and over due to different ideologies of people. Many support the use of death penalty but other oppose the use of this form of punishment because they think it’s barbaric. There are numerous reasons why some individuals believe that capital punishment should be allowed or not. Most of these individual’s beliefs are influenced by religion, the Constitution, and deterrenceRead MoreExamine the Ethical Issue on Capital Punishment and Discuss the Extent Which It Should Be Allowed.1867 Words   |  8 PagesQuestion: Examine the ethical issue on capital punishment and discuss the extent to which it should be allowed. We live in a society where killing is deemed and known as unethical and immoral, and this is because of society’s condemnation of death. We are bounded by a set of guidelines, a social contract, and these common guidelines create boundaries – boundaries that determine how the law is formed, what is wrong and what is right, benefitting the majority of the society. By having this socialRead MoreChristianity and Allowing Capital Punishment Essay1051 Words   |  5 PagesChristianity and Allowing Capital Punishment The question of whether Christians should allow capital punishment is controversial and is often argued between many Christians. This question can be answered by using the bible to help them understand their morale and ways of life. The Christians believe that Christians should allow capital punishment and they argue this by using the bible in Exodus 21 24 eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot thisRead MoreCapital Punishment and its Controversies 1434 Words   |  6 PagesCapital punishment uses death penalty as a form of punishment in many states and countries. It is a practice that has raised endless questions all over the world. Capital punishment or death penalty policy has changed in many countries overtime. Countries such as, New Australia, Zealand and 15 states in the US do not have capital punishment. One of the major concerns arising with capital punishment is because it causes ending of a human life. People and organizations of different backgrounds areRead More The Need for Capital Punishment in America Essay1151 Words   |  5 PagesIt is the firm belief and position here that committing such a crime as murder is punishable by death. Americans should take a position for anyone on death row, to be executed sooner rather than later. The moral reality in an argument for capital punishment is that they know the difference between the death penalty and what happens when it is actually put into place from the court of law. In the United States there are more people sitting in prison on death row than actually being executed atRead MorePersuasive Essay On Capital Punishment921 Words   |  4 PagesCapital punishment is a controversial debate in the United States. Many Americans believe that the death penalty is immoral because of its ethical complications. Still others believe that capital punishment is a cheaper and quicker way for justice to be served. When the government houses inmates, vast amounts of money are spent on food, medication, and clothing for inmates to survive in prison. Yet, the majority of America still allows for the practice of capital punishment in several manners suchRead MoreCapital Punishment And The Death Penalty1017 Words   |  5 PagesPosition Paper Country: Saudi Arabia Name: Lucas Falley Topic: Capital Punishment Background: Capital punishment, or the death penalty, has existed for thousands of years. For as long as there has been organized society, the death penalty has existed in numerous cultures and civilizations. Throughout the years the methods have changed, but the use of capital punishment is becoming a pressing matter. Amnesty International reports that there are 140 countries worldwide that have abolished the deathRead MoreLiterature Review on Death Penalty1028 Words   |  5 Pagespaper is going to be over â€Å"Do you agree with the death penalty?†. I gathered information by asking a series of questions of other individuals. Some of the questions I asked was, â€Å"Do you think the death penalty is a deterrent from a crime?†, and â€Å"How should the death penalty be administered?† My goal is to find out how many people agree or disagree with the death penalty, and why. This will be a good opportunity to view this topic from many different aspects, considering each p erson will have theirRead MoreCapital Punishment And The Death Penalty1031 Words   |  5 PagesCapital punishment has been a part of the U.S criminal justice system for centuries. The death penalty has been the most controversial aspect. The death penalty is legal in 33 states but the rest of the 19 states abolished it. There are over half of Americans that support the death penalty while the rest of them believe that it is unacceptable. People who support the death penalty believe that capital punishment lowers future crime rates, but people who are against it believe that it is a cruel

Head of Household during the Cold War Era Free Essays

If I were the head of household who took care of my family during the Cold War Era, I would make sure to get everything needed for at least two weeks to survive if there was a nuclear bomb disaster. I would have my husband and friends build a bomb shelter that can fit at least 50 people in our basement to protect my family and friends from the nuclear disaster. I would make sure that we have plenty of water for cooking and drinking, stock up on supplies, canned food, pre-packaged foods such as crackers, cookies, wafers for at least two to three weeks to feed all of us. We will write a custom essay sample on Head of Household during the Cold War Era or any similar topic only for you Order Now We will make sure to have a camp stove with enough fuel to boil rice, beans, and pasta. Have a can opener for the canned food, enough batteries with a radio, small portable television, and flashlights to keep them running so we can listen to the news, or music. We will also need a power generator, or candles with enough matches just in case the power goes out and the generator stops working. I will make sure we have available to us sanitation kits and medical kits just in case a family member gets hurt. Another kit that should be in the shelter is a radiation detection kit. For keeping everyone entertained we will have board games to keep us occupied, do sharedes, books to read, crayons and coloring books for the younger children, have cards so we can play card games. Also my husband and I will make sure we have clothing, shoes and blankets available to us. We will also make sure that a bathroom is built in the bomb shelter with running water and plumbing so we can take quick showers. In the bathroom we will have plenty of toilet paper, soap, shampoo, combs, brushes, toothpaste, deodorant, toothbrushes, and plenty of towels. We would make sure that we have heavy duty plastic sheets with duct tape to keep out harmful chemicals and gases. Most importantly my husband and I will sit down our children and explain to them what is happening and what we need to do and what is going to take place. How to cite Head of Household during the Cold War Era, Essay examples

The Generation X Leadership Style

The Generation Xers are the people born after the 1980 and before 2000 They are the generation that enters into leadership position, succeeding their predecessors, the â€Å"Baby boomers†. The generation Xers have already entered into the leadership position, especially in the middle level and the some in higher-level of management. Hence, it is important to understand the value system that this generation holds and how this affects their leadership style.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Generation X Leadership Style specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Value system of two people from two different age groups – one in twenties and the other in forties – differs greatly. The Generation Xers are more independent, self-sufficient, and self-motivated people as compared to their predecessors, the Baby Boomers, who were assiduous and favored steady work atmosphere. One of the most important aspects of the Generation Xers is their lifestyle, which is significantly different from that of the Baby boomers. Generation Xers, unlike their precursors, are in search of work satisfaction than simply working hard. In order to attain greater satisfaction with their jobs, they often tend to look for better opportunities. For this reason, generation Xers are loyal to their job rather than their company. Further, Generation Xers require a high degree of autonomy in the work they do, and micromanagement is no longer an option for managing this generation of people. Further, they enjoy flexibility in their job and lifestyle and are self-driven; hence, strong leadership is not always a requirement for this generation. This generation is also tech-savvy and is good at adapting to the changing needs of the technology. Further, this generation grew up with technology and information age, hence, are more open to adapt to the ever-changing technological world of today. Generation Xers are the ones who have broken the Maslow hierarchy and tend to strive for efficiency in order to achieve highly at work without sacrificing their quality of life. This is the reason they are often less involved with their jobs. For this generation of people, job satisfaction has more impact than simply promotions. They are also concerned greatly with personal space, where family, leisure, and lifestyle have a great importance. As work life balance is an important element in the value system of the Generation Xers, it is important that the leadership style should be considerate of this aspect. This importance of work life balance arises from their parent’s decision to be immersed in work, which has created a new generation of people who feel quality of life is to be better. Further, the Generation Xers are self-reliant. Though they are open to discussion, they prefer to work alone, without being micromanaged. The present day leadership style should be attuned to this process. Hence, the wo rks are to be done based on deadlines and outcomes rather than micro monitoring of the work and constant vigilance.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The new emerging leadership will create team based work environments and will ensure open communication among members. They will encourage independence in work and will not tend to micromanage. They will not try to press their authority due to their position and will not expect to be followed just because they are the bosses. However, the new generation leaders will value the importance of action and will stress on efficient work and productivity. They will inculcate a culture that would defy workaholics and will ensure that office as well as private life is given utmost importance. Retention will be a problem for the new generation, as it will be based on job satisfaction rather than loyalty of the workers towards their employer s. This essay on The Generation X Leadership Style was written and submitted by user Neil T. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Pius XII And The Third Reich

â€Å"From the very fist month of the occupation [in Poland], hundreds of priests were arrested and executed; Catholic intellectuals, both clerics and laics, were sent to the concentration camp at Oranienburg (Belt 71).† â€Å"Of five hundred priests in the diocese [Chelmno-Pelplin in Pomeranic, Poland], only twenty were still alive (Belt 72).† â€Å"A report sent to Rome concluded that out of two thousand priests a third were dead and that seven hundred were in prison (Belt 78).† â€Å"The Nazis in Poland alone murdered more than three million Catholics together with over three million Jews (Chao 7).† The Jewish community was not the only people under persecution by the Third Reich during the Second World War. â€Å""The heaviest blow to humanity" he [Hitler] once said, "was the coming of Christianity. Bolshevism is Christianity’s illegitimate child. Both are inventions of Jews (Chao 7)."† Hitler wanted to extirpate the Catholic Church because he thought that Catholics and Jews were the source of every evil. Hitler wanted to create a national German Church that would be loyal to the Fà ¼hrer; the leader, Hitler himself. If this church had been created, then Hitler would have not had as much resistance and the ‘Final Solution’ might have been a greater possibility. In September 1943, just after a few days into the German occupation of Italy, Hitler wanted to have Friedrich Otto Wolff, supreme commander of the SS in Italy, to occupy the Vatican and take Pope Pius XII and the Curia to Liechtenstein (Cornwell 313-314). Hitler wanted to take Pius XII under his control. What was he thinking? Yes, it is true that the Christian and Jewish religions had been in conflict with each other numerous times in the past. From the being of Christianity, the Jewish Community has been under attack and always being persecuted. In the first few centuries, the Jewish people were used as the scapegoat for the Roman Empire and some people e... Free Essays on Pius XII And The Third Reich Free Essays on Pius XII And The Third Reich â€Å"From the very fist month of the occupation [in Poland], hundreds of priests were arrested and executed; Catholic intellectuals, both clerics and laics, were sent to the concentration camp at Oranienburg (Belt 71).† â€Å"Of five hundred priests in the diocese [Chelmno-Pelplin in Pomeranic, Poland], only twenty were still alive (Belt 72).† â€Å"A report sent to Rome concluded that out of two thousand priests a third were dead and that seven hundred were in prison (Belt 78).† â€Å"The Nazis in Poland alone murdered more than three million Catholics together with over three million Jews (Chao 7).† The Jewish community was not the only people under persecution by the Third Reich during the Second World War. â€Å""The heaviest blow to humanity" he [Hitler] once said, "was the coming of Christianity. Bolshevism is Christianity’s illegitimate child. Both are inventions of Jews (Chao 7)."† Hitler wanted to extirpate the Catholic Church because he thought that Catholics and Jews were the source of every evil. Hitler wanted to create a national German Church that would be loyal to the Fà ¼hrer; the leader, Hitler himself. If this church had been created, then Hitler would have not had as much resistance and the ‘Final Solution’ might have been a greater possibility. In September 1943, just after a few days into the German occupation of Italy, Hitler wanted to have Friedrich Otto Wolff, supreme commander of the SS in Italy, to occupy the Vatican and take Pope Pius XII and the Curia to Liechtenstein (Cornwell 313-314). Hitler wanted to take Pius XII under his control. What was he thinking? Yes, it is true that the Christian and Jewish religions had been in conflict with each other numerous times in the past. From the being of Christianity, the Jewish Community has been under attack and always being persecuted. In the first few centuries, the Jewish people were used as the scapegoat for the Roman Empire and some people e...

Finding the Main Idea Answers 2

Finding the Main Idea Answers 2 If you have read How to Find the Main Idea, and have completed the Finding the Main Idea 2 activity, then, by all means read the answers below. These answers are affiliated with both the articles, and will not make much sense by themselves! Printable PDFs: Finding the Main Idea 2 Worksheet | Finding the Main Idea 2 Answers Answer 1: Classrooms This is a stated main idea: The physical environment of a classroom is extremely important because it can influence the way teachers and students feel, think, and behave. Answer 2: China Power This is a stated main idea: Whether Chinas emergence as a global power can peacefully find a place in East Asia and the world is a major issue in todays international political environment, one that warrants a responsible look. Answer 3: Rain This is an implied main idea: Its abnormal to venture out in the rain, but the positive results can be well worth it. Answer 4: Math This is an implied main idea: Although males outperform females on math tests, the cause of the discrepancy is unknown. Answer 5: Movies This is an implied main idea: People are willing to pay high prices for movies on the weekends in order to experience camaraderie with others. Answer 6: Troopathon This is an implied main idea: Melanie Morgan created the Troopathon to counteract the negative personification of troops displayed by the media. Answer 7: Relationships This is an implied main idea: Getting into a relationship is easy, but staying in one is not. Answer 8: Educational Technology This is an implied main idea: Technology is pervasive in todays classrooms, and although critics doubt its use in education, their viewpoint is faulty. Answer 9: Fair Use This is a stated main idea: The recording industry has gone too far in its fight against file sharers in that Copyright Management Systems can impinge on users fair use of digital information. Answer 10: Mares This is a stated main idea: A recent study found that more sociable mares had more foals.

A Problem in My Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Problem in My Life - Essay Example The initial stages of work had been challenging yet fulfilling until one of the members started taking unusual control of the group by seemingly imposing uneven delegation of assignments claiming that the majority of the pupils requested more of his service than those of others in our roster. I had thought all along that my own performance was capable of radiating motivation in such a way as to get everyone in the team to operate with a sense of interdependence. Then I figured that some people desired the same amount of recognition I was receiving so that the spirit of teamwork would be best acknowledged. Another cause that might have led to indifference and the urge to manipulate was my failure to interact properly, being accustomed to the individualistic approach toward personal growth at the expense of quality relations. Apparently, I occurred to have overlooked the equivalent significance of the contributions made by the rest of the members. By such failure to promote the welfare of others especially their worth in the collective effort, some had narrowed to thinking that I was conceited.

Is the EUs decision-making process best characterized as federal or Essay

Is the EUs decision-making process best characterized as federal or intergovernmental - Essay Example The member states make up such organizations, which are the sovereign states. United Nations, European Union, Council of Europe, World Trade Organization, the Council of Europe and many more are examples of intergovernmental organizations. However, the European Union is a prime example of supranational organization where the governments of the member states delegate the negotiated power to the member states. It is often referred to as a federation. This paper will closely observe the works of the European Union, and whether it is best characterized as federal or intergovernmental. The founding members of the European Union held the same ideals of a peaceful, united and prosperous Europe. They belonged to diverse backgrounds. In the Second World War, bloody wars culminated between neighbors. The purpose behind the establishment of the European was primarily to end these wars. In order to secure the lasting peace, European Coal and Steel Community began to unite the European countries economically and politically. There are six main founders, including France, Germany, Belgium, Italy, Luxemburg and Netherlands. There was a cold war between the East and the West in 1950’s. In 1956, the Soviet tanks had put down the protests in Hungary against the Communist regimes. In the following year, Soviet Union had launched their first man made space satellite, Sputnik 1. This is when they took the lead in the space race. The European Economic Community or ‘Common Market’ was created due to the Treaty of Rome.... With the establishment of the common market, goods and services were to move freely within the six nations in Europe (Europea n.d. n.p) In 1962, the newly formed European Union began the common agricultural policy, which gave the nations within the union joint control over all the food produced within these nations (Matthew J 2011 n.p). In 1968, the six nations decide to remove custom duties on goods, which were imported from one another and allowed free cross border trade. Trade between the nations rapidly increased due to this. In 1973, three more nations joined the union making it a total of nine. The three newly joined nations were United Kingdom, Denmark, and Ireland. In 1974, the leaders in European Union established a European Regional Development Fund. The purpose for the funds were to transfer money from the richer region to the poorer regions help improve roads and communications, later on down the road this funding takes up one third of the unions spending. Citizens of the union were involved in the election of the union in 1979, when they were given the right to elect the members of the Parliament of the union. Previously, the members of the parliaments were delegated by the national parliaments. In 1981, Greece joined the union and the tally of nation within the union hit double figures. Spain and Portugal joined the union in 1986. The union launched the Erasmus programme in 1987 to fund for students who were interested in studying for up to 1 year in another European country. This scheme ended up benefiting more than 2 million young students (European Union Background 9 Jan 2012.n.p) The Treaty on European Union was signed in 1992, this set a rule for a future

Racism :: essays research papers

It's one of the most explosive topics around and one that people rarely greet with sincerity. Everywhere you go, and everywhere you look, there is always somebody different. Imagine walking down the street and having people stare at you or call you names, or talk behind your back, just because your skin is a different color, or your of a different religion. We all seem to ask our selves the same question over and over, why do people do this? But unfortunately racism is almost impossible to stop. There will always be egotistic people who considers their race to be better then that of other’s. The novel I read is about a Jewish girl by the name of Judith who begins to experience the cruelty of racism at the age of seven. The two boys that live across the street from Judith were always mean to her. They said that because she was Jewish she wasn’t allowed on their side of the street. And if they ever saw her on their lawn they would beat her up. She had no friends at school or in her neighborhood except one girl by the name of Rachel, who was also Jewish. The problem was that Rachel lived in America, and Judith lived in Canada, other then summer camp they couldn’t see each other. The next summer Judith met a Jewish boy by the name of Ori, who also lived in America. She felt as though they were soul mates. Several years went by, and Judith and Ori moved to Israel together. They got a small, one bedroom apartment and began University. Not long after, they began to drift apart from each other. She packed up all her stuff and decided to move to London. Then she met a guy by the name of James. He wasn’t Jewish, but Judith really liked him. She knew that her parents would never approve of him, but she didn’t care. It didn’t matter to her the fact that he wasn’t. But once her parent’s found out about James they gave her an ultimatum. Either she moves back home to Toronto, or goes back to Jerusalem. Since she didn’t have time for a job and her parent’s refused to pay her bills, she had no other choice but to go back to Jerusalem. Her dreams were shattered, and she was left empty handed. What staggered me the most about this book was the information I came across in the second chapter.

Culture and Religion in Malaysia

Malaysia is a multicultural society, with Malays, Chinese and Indians living side by side. The Malays are the largest community. They are Muslims and speak Bahasa. Malays mainly control the political power in Malaysia. The Chinese comprise about a third of the population. They are Buddhists and Taoists, speak Hokkein, Hakka and Cantonese, and are dominant in the business community. The Indians account for about 10% of the population. They are mainly Hindu Tamils from southern India. They speak Tamil, Malayalam, and Hindi, and live mainly in the larger towns on the west coast of the peninsula. Eurasians and indigenous tribes make up the remaining population. Iban of Sarawak is the main indigenous tribe of Malaysia. They number around 3, 95,000. They are largely longhouse dwellers and live along the Rejang and Baram rivers. The Bidayuh (107,000) are concentrated on Sarawak's Skrang River. The Orang Asli (80,000) live in small scattered groups in Peninsular Malaysia. The tribals were mainly nomadic agriculturists but gradually they are being absorbed in the modern Malaysian society. The traditional architectural style of Malaysia is the long-house, found particularly along the rivers of Sarawak. Families live together (though they have their own private space) in one long building, raised on stilts, sharing the open verandah which runs the whole length of the building. Also raised on stilts are the wooden houses in other parts of rural Malaysia. These stilt-houses are around two meters above the ground to protect against floods and wild animals, while providing extra ventilation and also shelter for the family's domestic animals. The style of the houses varies from region to region, the most famous being the saddle-shaped roofs, which rise up into what are known as â€Å"buffalo horns†. A third style of home common in Malaysia is the Chinese â€Å"shop-house† where the ground floor is a shop, with the family living above. Malaysian music is heavily influenced by Chinese and Islamic forms. The music is based largely around the gendang (drum), but includes percussion instruments (some made of shells), flutes, trumpets and gongs. The country has a strong tradition of dance and dance dramas. Some of them are of Thai, Indian and Portuguese origin. Other artistic forms include wayang kulit (shadow-puppets), silat (a stylised martial art) and crafts such as batik, weaving and silver and brasswork. Religion: More than half of the population (52%) follows Islam. Other religions followed in Malaysia are Buddhism, Daoism, Hinduism, Christianity, and Sikhism. In addition Shamanism is practiced in East Malaysia.

Information Is Important And An Imperative For The Conduct...

Information in this digital age is very important and an imperative for the conduct of business and commerce; [ ] and today one of the most important result.[ ] The unauthorised access to information and databases and the constant and reckless methods information is shared and transmitted today has necessitated that databases and compilations should be protected. It was held in Feist Publications v. Rural Telephone Service Co.[ ] that compilations or databases cannot be a subject matter for copyright.[ ] The security and protection of databases and compilations have been advanced in several ways including ‘low authorship’, ‘tort-mis-appropriation’ model and ‘Nordic sui generis. It precluded the adoption of data.[ ] In an effort to†¦show more content†¦It will also include discussion on databases compilations. We will be considering the EU Directive on data protection, it will review primary laws and legislation and also secondary sources of information; it will determine the effectiveness of the convergences and divergences and evaluate their effectiveness and finally make conclusions and recommendations if any. 2. INTRODUCTION 2.1 Meaning of Databases and compilations Databases in copyright are principally kinds of compilation, and compilations are seen as things that are being protected . So in defining compilation, we can say that A â€Å"compilation† is defined in the  § 101 definitions section as: â€Å"A work formed by the collection and assembling of pre-existing materials or of data that are selected, coordinated, or arranged in such a way that the resulting work as a whole constitutes an original work of authorship. This evidences that the protection of copyright in a compilation emphasizes and concentrates on the original ways that the data or materials that pre-existed are arranged, organized, coordinated and selected, not the data. In s. 102 the subject clearly shows and comprises of compilations and derivative works, but only

Life Cycle Of A Human Being Essay - 1769 Words

The life cycle of a human being can be analyzed as a circle. A baby depends on their caregiver to live; from eating to bathing a newborn needs assistance and guidance to learn how to become independent and perform activities of daily living. Similarly, the elderly population requires aid and advice to maintain independence in the later years of life. In this paper, I will discuss laws that have affected this community, services available in Florida to assist the elderly, the role of social workers in aged care and my personal experience being a caregiver for an elderly family member. Aging Services History Two federal acts have impacted the elderly. The first act took place in 1935; Title I forged a partnership between the federal government and various states to assuage old-age dependency. Title II required employers and employees in certain economic sectors to make contributions for workers eventual retirement. These measures guaranteed elderly citizens were guaranteed a minimal level sustenance to maintain independence in late life. (American Society on Aging, 2014) (National Association for Home Care and Hospice, 2015) Social Security did not grant old-age assistance to almshouse residents. This policy step hastened the demise of that dreaded institution; it prompted the private development of shared residences and shared housing arrangements for senior citizens. Subsequent amendments redirected U.S. social welfare and social service events; in 1952, CongressShow MoreRelatedHuman Health And Sustainable Development1563 Words   |  7 Pagesthe quality of lifestyle for humans by preserving the environment, using resources efficiently, protecting human health, and maintaining the required balance that is necessary in life. Over time, humans have attempted to achieve a more sustainable environment on earth. However, over the past few years, humans have been very irresponsible and unsuccessful as they have depleted what the nature has provided and disrupted the balance that is so essential in life. Humans are disturbing the sustainableRead MoreImpact of the Human Population on Environment and the Bioge ochemical Cycles1508 Words   |  6 PagesThe human impact on the environment Mankind has evolved dramatically throughout the past recent decades, but this evolution is often perceived as having been at the expense of the environment. The large size corporations for instance create tons of debris each year, which pollutes the soils and the waters; people use a multitude of transportation means to get to one corner of the world to the other, but this generates the rapid consumption of the fossil fuels. The population of the modern dayRead MoreThe Water Cycle : The Carbon Cycle964 Words   |  4 PagesThe carbon cycle is very important to human life because humans cant breathe carbon dioxide for long periods of time. Carbon dioxide is attached to the oxygen and that needs to go away so humans can breathe it properly. The plant cycle relies heavily on the carbon cycle because plants consume the carbon dioxide because the carbon dioxide and photosynthesis (light from the sun) helps their food grow. The plants then lets the oxygen go for animals and humans to breathe. When a plant dies, it getsRead MoreHuman Impacts on the Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Cycles Essay examples1010 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Impact on the Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Cycles Danielle Abbadusky Everest University Human impact on the cycling matter in ecosystems can change a lot of things. Humans can either help or hurt things. The carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycles are the three cycles of matter in ecosystems. What are these cycles? How do humans effect each one of these individual cycles? What are some examples of humans effecting these cycles? What is the carbon cycle? â€Å"Sequence of processes throughRead MoreGrade Students Understand Life Cycles823 Words   |  4 PagesAs a future educator being able to integrate various subjects within other subjects allows for enrichment of materials and experiences within the classroom. Science is one of those subjects that can work with other subjects. Science and literacy can work together in the classroom in a variety of ways. The components of literacy can be used to help enhance learning. Integrating literacy into science when learning about life cycles includes writing and reading about life cycles. Research question †¢Read MoreTide Rises Tide Falls846 Words   |  4 Pagespast time, which likes the tides that came and went. The tide repeated the law of life in the universe endlessly. However, people seldom think over the time when they are provided with a new life. They would begin to notice it once they are in their dotage. Humans are beef-witted or slow in thought. Thus, personally speaking, there is some kind of regret of the poet for the modern people’s almost pure material-pursuit life to some extent in the poem. Secondly, the repetition of sentence â€Å"The tide risesRead MoreBuddhism And Its Effect On Society842 Words   |  4 PagesBuddhism originates from Hinduism, and thus it advocates samsaric cycle driven by karma (intentional action). Yet, it is distinct from Hinduism because it denies the existence of unchanging, eternal essence of human personality based on the doctrine of the impermanence of all compounded phenomena (197, 201). In Buddhism, there is nothing to be permanent and unaffected (203). Even if someone perceives his/her self as an unchanging core, such a feeling/perception is nothing but a result of an interactionRead MoreThe Cyclical Of Nature : Ozymandias1436 Words   |  6 Pagesman-made creations. Also, natural emotions and living things experience the cycle of life and death, but escape the permanent death experienced by unnatural things. In short, man-made things are impermanent, while natural things are immortal. The first overarching theme of all of these poems is that man-made things eventually die. In â€Å"Ozymandias†, the statue of Ramses II gradually decays until he is forgotten. The king being lost in memory is shown in the very beginning before the statue is even mentionedRead MoreLiving Like Weasels, Shooting An Elephant, And Virginia Woolf863 Words   |  4 PagesThe human is the most complex living being on the face of this earth, yet human roots are sometimes forgotten. Through Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution, it is clear that animals are the brothers and sisters of the human race. In turn, human habits resemble those of all the living beings which creates unity between all walks of life, determining the same fate for all. A similar concept relates the three works: Living Like Weasels, Shooting an Elephant, and The Death of a Moth by Annie DillardRead MoreHow The Carbon Cycle Affects Our Environment1435 Words   |  6 PagesHumans now days do all sorts of thi ngs that can cause harm to our environment. Unfortunately, as time goes by the problems start to get worse rather than improve. This happens because people do no take action in trying to protect the environment we live in because either people are to busy, do not really see the importance, or simply do no care to try and put effort into trying to improve the environment we all live in. A very serious problem in the world today is the way humans are affecting the

Abigail Adams Essay - 2517 Words

Abigail Adams was a woman of high character and a loving soul. She was selfless in her thinking and remarkable in the way she handled people. Her management skills were above average for the normal female in the 1700s. She held many worldly interests that tied her to the political fashion of society. She was well cultured and was able to apply this to her role of a politician’s wife with great attributes towards society. She became the â€Å"buffer† with regard to her husbands temper and lack of diplomacy. She participated in many political activities. Her independent thinking, character, faithfulness, and hard work gave her the ability to succeed in society in the 17th century. Even though Abigail Adams was not formerly†¦show more content†¦As a result, she lacked confidence in her education. She stated, â€Å"My early education did not partake of the abundant opportunities which the present day affords and which even our common schools now afford. I was never sent to any school; I was always sick.† Even though she did not attend a formal school it did not put her out of reach of a proper education (Peterson, 9). Abigail Adams learned how to read and write at home by her father, mother, and maternal grandmother, whom she adored. Her mother contributed to most of her education along with her sisters, during their younger years. Because her mother had a limited amount of education, Abigail taught herself to read (Holton, 6). When Abigail learned to read she couldn’t stop reading. Her father had many books at home that he had collected throughout the years. She devoured as many as she could, which lead her to be very well educated in many different areas. In the 1700s many girls unfaltering read fiction for entertainment. However, Abigail did not have frivolous taste in books. The books that she liked the most were Shakespeare, philosophy, theology, classical, ancient history, law, and government. She even tau ght herself different languages (Holton, 6). She also enjoyed writing letters to friends and family that lived far away, which was common amongst her peers. Her desire for writing ledShow MoreRelatedAbigail Adams Essays705 Words   |  3 PagesAbigail Adams Abigail Adams was and still is a hero and idle for many women in the United States. As the wife of John Adams, Abigail used her position to bring forth her own strong federalist and strong feminist views. Mrs. Adams was one of the earliest feminists and will always influence todays women. Abigail Adams was born Abigail Smith in 1744 at Weymouth, Massachusetts. She was a descendent of the Qunicys, a very prestigious family in the colonies, on her mothers side. On her fathersRead MoreEssay On Abigail Adams1921 Words   |  8 Pagesthe musical, none of them made as much of an impact and deserve as much credit as Abigail Adams. Born Abigail Smith in 1744, she grew up in Massachusetts with a decently wealthy family, which resulted in the opportunity to obtain a good education. Though she was schooled at home, she read all she could and took an interest in knowledge and politics early in her life, which only grew with her marriage to John Adams (Martinez). With this marriage, she became involved in a great deal of politics, andRead MoreThe Letter By Abigail Adams1990 Words   |  8 PagesLetter â€Å"Abigail Adams to John Adams, 31 March 1776†: Foundational Component Area Assessment Nora Roy History 1301/Section 4001 Professor Olivier October 1, 2017 1. Who wrote the document? The letter â€Å"Abigail Adams to John Adams, 31 March 1776† is a correspondence written by a passionate and intelligent woman named Abigail Adams to her husband, John Adams, while he is away from home serving as a delegate from Massachusets at the Second Continental Congress.1,2 Throughout the letter Abigail revealsRead MoreAbigail Adams : A Revolutionary Woman1382 Words   |  6 Pages  Charles W. Akers. Abigail Adams: A Revolutionary Woman. Third ed. New York: Pearson Longman, 2007.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Charles W. Akers’ Abigail Adams: A Revolutionary Woman is written about Abigail Adams whom is the wife to the second president of the United States, John Adams. Abigail begins by describing the role of women during the colonial time when the US only consisted of the 13 colonies. Starting with her birth on November 11, 1744 to her death on October 28, 1818 Abigail describes the role she playedRead MoreEssay Letter to John Adams from Abigail Adams640 Words   |  3 PagesLetter to John Adams from Abigail Adams and Letter from John Adams to Abigail Adams 1. Abigail Adams establishes ethos in the opening paragraph by asking questions about the issue at hand. By mentioning the Defense Virginia she shows that she is knowledgeable about the issue at hand, even though she does not yet have a definite stance on it. The questions show her urgent tone and care for her husband. The questions show that she is concerned about him and his well being. 2. Abigail tries to conveyRead MoreAbigail Adams : A Leader Of The American Revolution1345 Words   |  6 PagesAbigail Adams married a man destined to be a major leader of the American Revolution and the second President of the United States. Although she married and raised men that become such significant figures during their time, her herself was played an important role in the American society. The events that happened in her life, starting from childhood and ending in her adult years, led her to be a Revolutionary woman. Three main reasons behind her becoming such a strong, independent woman was theRead MoreAbigail Adams : American History1560 Words   |  7 PagesAbigail Adams Throughout the early times of this country, the idea of women having rights was far from necessary, but there were a few women out there, such as Abigail Adams who held high hopes that one day this nation that the founding fathers were building up, would allow for women to be treated equally as men. Although Abigail Adams was filled with these hopes, she always found ways to be involved in political issues, not only because she was John Adams wife, but she also aspired that one dayRead MoreAbigail Adams: a Revolutionary American Woman Essay1391 Words   |  6 PagesAbigail Adams: A Revolutionary American Woman Abigail Adams married a man destined to be a major leader of the American Revolution and the second President of the United States. Although she married and raised men that become such significant figures during their time, her herself was played an important role in the American society. The events that happened in her life, starting from childhood and ending in her adult years, led her to be a Revolutionary woman. Three main reasons behind her becomingRead MoreAbigail Adams : A Woman Before Her Time1175 Words   |  5 PagesAbigail Adams: A Woman Before Her Time Although she had no direct influence on the new American government nor held any official political power, Abigail Adams was easily one of the most political and influential women of her time. From her knowledge of the war during the American Revolution, to her advice to husband John Adams as he helped craft the U.S Constitution, Abigail Adams was helping to shape the foundation and direction of her country over 100 years before women even had the right toRead MoreAbigail Adams : Women s Rights2063 Words   |  9 PagesAbigail Adams, a woman very well known today for being one of the first figures for women s rights becoming the first lady during her husband, John Adams presidency. Abigail was born on November 22, 1744 and died on October 28, 1818 (The World of Abigail Adams). Throughout her life she had many long lasting accomplishments and was a leader in her household and for women. She helped make the Americas what they are today and helped give rights to woman. Abigail Adams w as an important figure because

Perception is reality! Oh really Free Essays

A couple of years ago, I witnessed what I thought was a man having trouble getting into his car. There was a man that must have been in his mid 60’s tugging on his door handle to his car. I watched him try to fit his arm into a small opening in the widow on the passenger side of the car. We will write a custom essay sample on Perception is reality! Oh really? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Because of the age of this man, it never entered my mind that this man was trying to break into this car to steal it. Another thing that didn’t fit the profile of a car thief was the way the man was dressed. He was dressed in a sports jacket and was wearing fairly decent trousers with nice shoes. I walked over to the man and asked him if there was anything I could help him with or if he needed to call someone. He told me he did not have a cell phone, so I offered the use of mine. The man declined saying he just bought the car a couple of weeks ago, and had not had a chance to get a spare key made. He was in the parking lot where I worked at, so I asked him if there was someone he knew inside the building that could give him a ride to the dealership where he bought the car from, and once again he declined by saying he had just stopped by to fill out an application. I asked him again if there was anything I could help him with because I didn’t want to leave him just standing there helpless not able to get into his, and again he declined respectfully but started to sound irritated because of my repeated offers. I went back inside and stopped by the coffee machine for some coffee and started dwelling on this poor man. As I was walking back to my desk, I glanced out the window and saw him looking around as he continued to fit his arm in the window by pulling his sleeves up. I walked over to the receptionist and asked her what position the man had applied for, and she looked at me asking me what man I was talking about. I described him to her and told her I had just spoken to him in the parking lot to offer him help because he had either lost or locked his keys in the car. She had no idea who I was talking about, which I thought was strange, because she is the one that hands out applications. I walked over to the window and looked outside again to see if the man had gotten into his car yet. He was still there so I pointed the man out to the receptionist the man over by the white two door cavalier. After I pointed him out, the receptionist told me the man had came in the building to use the restroom, not fill out an application. I started to walk back to my desk but started to have an uneasy feeling about this man. I know what everyone in the office drives due to working late at night, and a bunch of us walk to our cars together. I went over to the electronic pre-press department and asked the supervisor if he knew anyone that drove a white two door cavalier, and he told me his proof-reader drives one. I told him about the man trying to get into a white two door cavalier outside. The supervisor ran over to the person that had a car fitting that description and told him. The employee ran to the window and told us that was his car. Two of our employees ran outside to stop the older man, but he had broken the driver side window and was pulling out of the parking lot. During this five minute time frame, someone had called the police and the man was stopped about a half of a mile down the road, but hit one of the police cars before stopping and did a lot of damage to the car. I have never felt so bad. If I had not let the man’s appearance fool me, I might have been able to prevent the whole thing from happening, but then again, had I not questioned the receptionist and supervisor, the car would have been long gone. I learned basically; don’t judge a book by its cover. Now when I see someone that is not familiar in the parking lot when I’m outside, or when I see someone in our building that I don’t know, I ask the receptionist. Our division did not have very strict rules before of people coming in and out of the building, but now we have a guest sign in sheet and the nature of their business. This may not stop someone from trying to do this again, but then again it just might. How to cite Perception is reality! Oh really?, Papers

Business Strategy Management for ShopHere- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Strategy Management for ShopHere Operations. Answer: Introduction It is essential to develop strategies that will ensure quality product and services to the targeted consumers. This research focuses on ShopHere operations, which offer quality products to consumers in Australia and all over the world through e-commerce platforms. In Bangladesh and Uzbekistan, the company experienced consumer boycott due to the cotton labor scandal. The company is dealing with the issue by buying ethically traded crops and bans the use of fur. The target of ethical consumers makes an organization to have a decent reputation in the international market for an increase in competitive advantage (Wheelen and David 2017). Therefore the purchase of raw material of a company is required to be ethical for a sustainable business performance in the targeted market. The study will evaluate primary and secondary sources to come up with the need for business ethics in developing a strategy for an organization (Daspit et al. 2017). Strategies are essential for a team as they provi de a plan to follow in ensuring that there is a continued business advantage in the targeted market. Description of search process Primary and secondary sources will be used to come up with the required information about business strategy. The data will be essential in identifying the importance of considering business ethics in coming up with a plan for an organization (Singh et al. 2016). This source makes it possible to develop a critical analysis of literature about strategic management of an organization. Critical analysis of the literature Strategic management Strategies are plans that are developed by the top management ion ensuring that there is a continuous development of the organization through ethical production. The resources are supposed to be managed appropriately to ensure that there is a financial stability of the company. Its possible for the organization to acquire future success through the implementation of the practical plan in production. The strategic management process involves goal setting, analysis, formation, implementation and monitoring of the strategies. Goal setting is where the mission and vision of the organization formulation ensure that there is smooth flow in the business (Hamari, Mimmi and Antti 2016). This requires identification of the short term and long term goals depending on the projects of the industry. The mission strategy provides guidelines of what the organization deals with a proper management of activities during production. Analysis requires handling of the internal and external issues to maxim ize the strengths of the business while minimizing on weaknesses of the company. The threats and opportunities in the external environment make it possible for an organization to have a sustainable competitive edge in the targeted market (Arli and Denni 2017). Strategy formulation this is where the plan communication to all the stakeholders of the business for the achievement of set long-term goals. After the employees and other stakeholders of the company have the required knowledge about the strategy, it is implemented to achieve set production objectives. Lastly is evaluation and control of actions in the business in ensuring that there is the progress of the strategy (Leonidou et al. 2017). The management expects to formulate plans considering the changing business environment to retain and acquire new consumers in the long-term operation of the business. Business ethics An organization is required to take responsibilities of their actions in the organization to ensure that there is a smooth flow of operation. This is where an organization is supposed to come up with business ethics strategies that make functions widely accepted in the targeted market. Abiding by set rules and regulations of the community makes the organizational ethical for an increase in production level (Font, Lluis and Steve 2016). The process of productions from raw material acquisition to development of finished goods requires ethical practices. Consumers can trust, ethical brands as they are highly beneficial to the society. Engaging in social responsibility practices makes an organization acquire new consumers and retain the existing customers due to the understanding of consumer needs. Business ethics practices provide loyalty to a particular brand to ensure that there is a stable performance of the organization. It is essential to consider employee ethics, leadership, ethic s and organizational culture ethics (Schaper 2016). It possible for the production process to be of high integrity to meet the needs and desires of the consumers. Business ethics improve the organizational culture which is vital in ensuring efficiency in production. Corporate governance Corporate governance is essential in the strategic management of an organization as it considers the interests of all people involved in the organization. It is necessary to find the benefit of the administration and stakeholders to ensure that the rules implemented in the organization are highly effective in dealing with issues considering business ethics (Lins, Henri and Ane 2017). The leaders are required to oversee the performance of the organization making sure that every business process is handled correctly to acquire quality products and services. The policies implemented by the management are required to offer guidelines to the employees and consumers, which are the most critical units in an organization. Strategies that are consumers oriented are highly effective in dealing with issues in the market (Frambach, Peer and Paul 2016). There are two types of stakeholders which, considered in developing effective corporate governance. The internal stakeholders are the one who dir ected impact the performance of the business which is the employees and management. The external stakeholders are beyond the organization control which is the suppliers, creditors, vendors, consumers and the community (Rao and Carol 2016). It is essential for the top management to ensure that all stakeholders are kept happy to maximize the profitability of production. Supply chain management Supply chain management is essential to managing the risk of a business process for a continuous competitive advantage in the market considering the business is ethical. Supply chain requires proper management of the raw material and the finished goods to reduce the cost incurred in production. Evaluation of raw material to well-finished process is essential in reducing waste in manufacturing (Fredendall and Ed 2016). The process assures quality to the consumers due to the following of the set guidelines in production. The inventory of the company requires management to reduce holding time of the stock. Production level should match the demand levels in the market for a continuous improvement of the market share. The administration uses supply chain management techniques in coming up with shipping options in ensuring that the produced goods reach the targeted market. It is essential for an organization to integrate advanced technology into the supply chain management to provide that there is a minimum waste in dealing with inventory (Mangan and Chandra 2016). Proper communication with the consumers, suppliers, and distributors improve the supply chain management making it possible for the organization to identify market opportunities that would enhance the performance. Target consumers It is crucial for an organization to identify the targeted consumer before entering into a new market by considering business and consumer ethics. This makes it possible to develop an effective marketing strategy based on the attributes of the targeted consumers. The management is required to design the expectation of the targeted market to improve products and services to meet the specific needs of the consumers (Gurhan-Canli, Ceren and Gulen 2016). The consumers are expected to be ethical where they consider the business process in coming up with the products and services. This makes it possible for the organization to use the right channels in making the products reach the targeted consumers. Competitive edge This is acquired by producing quality products and services to the targeted consumers to ensure an increased customer base. Delivering quality products is the main contributor to a company gaining a competitive edge from production. This is where an organization develops diverse products that are accepted by a different type of consumers in the market. The management is required to consider the cost and expected revenue in coming up with the appropriate price that is widely accepted in the market (Sekaran and Roger 2016). Quality products at a proper make it possible for an organization to acquire a competitive edge in the targeted market. Literature Gap The literature fails to offer sufficient information for the management to use in coming up with strategic management decisions that are ethical to the targeted consumers. The information is limited, requiring the administration to perform analysis to come up with strategies that will improve the performance of the business. The internal and external analysis is performed by the management so that the plan implemented can provide a competitive edge in the market. The foreign exchange is highly dynamic, making it inaccurate to use earlier sources to develop strategies about an organization. Conclusion From the review, it is evident that strategic management is essential for an organization to acquire set long term of production. Business ethics and effective corporate governance make the products to be widely accepted in the market for a reliable brand. Competitive advantage is essential in making the organization achieve high-profit levels from the sale of products. Quality production at the suitable price creates products and services widely accepted in the targeted market. Summary table Author Name Title Content Arli, Denni, and Arli Denni. 2017 Does ethics need religion? Evaluating the importance of religiosity in consumer ethics Explains the needs of strategies in handling consumers. Daspit, Joshua, Chrisman James, Sharma Pramodita, Pearson, Allison, and Long Rebecca 2017 A Strategic Management Perspective of the Family Firm: Past Trends, New Insights, and Future Directions Indicates the need for business ethics for the future success of business. Font, Xavier, Garay, Lluis, and Jones Steve. 2016 Sustainability motivations and practices in small tourism enterprises in European protected areas. Business ethics Frambach, Ruud, Fiss Peer, and Ingenbleek Paul. 2016 How important is customer orientation for firm performance? A fuzzy set analysis of orientations, strategies, and environments Consumer-oriented strategies Fredendall, Lawrence, and Hill Ed. 2016 Basics of supply chain management. Supply chain management Gurhan-Canli, Zeynep, Hayran Ceren, and Serial-Abi Gulen. 2016 Customer-based brand equity in a technologically fast-paced, connected, and constrained environment. Proper techniques to target consumers. Hamari, Juho, Sjoklin Mimmi, and Ukkonen. Antti. 2016 The sharing economy: Why people participate in collaborative consumption Strategies to handle ethical consumers Leonidou, Leonidas, Christodoulides Paul, Kyrgidou Lida, and Palihawadana Daydanda. 2017 Internal drivers and performance consequences of small firm green business strategy Business strategies and ethics Lins, Karl, Servaes Henri, and Tamayo Ane. 2017 Social capital, trust, and firm performance: The value of corporate social responsibility during the financial crisis. Business ethics Mangan, John, and Lalwani Chandra. 2016 Global logistics and supply chain management. Supply chain Rao, Kathyayini, and Tilt Carol. 2016 Board composition and corporate social responsibility: The role of diversity, gender, strategy and decision making Business ethics Schaper, Michael. 2016 Making ecopreneurs: developing sustainable entrepreneurship. Dealing with ethical consumer through eco-friendly products Sekaran, Uma, and Bougie Roger. 2016 Research methods for business: Business research techniques Singh, Jatinder, Garg Nitika, Govind Rahul, and Vitell Scott. 2016 Anger strays, fear refrains: The differential effect of negative emotions on consumers ethical judgments Business ethics for a competitive edge Wheelen, Thomas, and Hunger. David. 2016 Strategic management and business policy. Acquiring a competitive advantage in ethical purchasing consumers. Bibliography Arli, Denni, and Arli Denni. "Does ethics need religion? Evaluating the importance of religiosity in consumer ethics." Marketing Intelligence Planning, 2017: 205-221. Daspit, Joshua, Chrisman James, Sharma Pramodita, Pearson, Allison, and Long Rebecca. "A Strategic Management Perspective of the Family Firm: Past Trends, New Insights, and Future Directions." Journal of Managerial Issues, 2017: 6-29. Font, Xavier, Garay, Lluis, and Jones Steve. "Sustainability motivations and practices in small tourism enterprises in European protected areas." Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016: 1439-1448. Frambach, Ruud, Fiss Peer, and Ingenbleek Paul. "How important is customer orientation for firm performance? A fuzzy set analysis of orientations, strategies, and environments." Journal of Business Research, 2016: 1428-1436. Fredendall, Lawrence, and Hill Ed. Basics of supply chain management. CRC Press, 2016. Gurhan-Canli, Zeynep, Hayran Ceren, and Serial-Abi Gulen. "Customer-based brand equity in a technologically fast-paced, connected, and constrained environment." AMS review, 2016: 23-32. Hamari, Juho, Sjoklin Mimmi, and Ukkonen. Antti. "The sharing economy: Why people participate in collaborative consumption. ." Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 2016: 2047-2059. Leonidou, Leonidas, Christodoulides Paul, Kyrgidou Lida, and Palihawadana Daydanda. "Internal drivers and performance consequences of small firm green business strategy: the moderating role of external forces." Journal of Business Ethics, 2017: 580-606. Lins, Karl, Servaes Henri, and Tamayo Ane. "Social capital, trust, and firm performance: The value of corporate social responsibility during the financial crisis." The Journal of Finance, 2017: 1-51. Mangan, John, and Lalwani Chandra. Global logistics and supply chain management. John Wiley Sons, 2016. Rao, Kathyayini, and Tilt Carol. "Board composition and corporate social responsibility: The role of diversity, gender, strategy and decision making."." Journal of Business Ethics, 2016: 327-347. Schaper, Michael. Making ecopreneurs: developing sustainable entrepreneurship. CRC Press, 2016. Sekaran, Uma, and Bougie Roger. Research methods for business: A skill building approach. John Wiley Sons, 2016. Singh, Jatinder, Garg Nitika, Govind Rahul, and Vitell Scott. "Anger strays, fear refrains The differential effect of negative emotions on consumers' ethical judgments." Journal of Business Ethics, 2016: 1-14. Wheelen, Thomas, and Hunger. David. Strategic management and business policy. Pearson, 2017.

Agent Orange Essays - Dioxins, Defoliants, Immunotoxins, Toxicology

Agent Orange Just saying the name Agent Orange gets the attention of every Vietnam veteran, and I dare say most of the Australian and American public, not to mention the Vietnamese. It has been argued about, written about, researched and debated, published in magazines and newspapers, talked about on radio and television. It was the subject of documentaries, legal battles, and in Australia a Royal Commission that lasted some two years and cost 3.8 million dollars. Agent Orange was the code name for a herbicide developed for the military, primarily for use in tropical climates. Although the genesis of the product goes back to the 1940's, serious testing for military applications did not begin until the early 1960's. The purpose of the product was to deny an enemy cover and concealment in dense terrain by defoliating trees and shrubbery where the enemy could hide. The product "Agent Orange" (a code name for the orange band that was used to mark the drums it was stored in) was principally effective against broad-leaf foliage, such as the dense jungle-like terrain found in Southeast Asia. The product was tested in Vietnam in the early 1960's, and was brought into ever widening use during the height of the war in 1967-68, though it's use was diminished and eventually discontinued in 1971. Agent Orange was a 50-50 mix of two chemicals, known conventionally as 2,4,D and 2,4,5,T. the combined product was mixed with kerosene or diesel fuel and dispersed by aircraft, vehicle, and hand spraying. An estimated 19 million gallons of Agent Orange were used in South Vietnam during the war. The earliest health concerns about Agent Orange were about the product's contamination with TCDD, or dioxin. TCDD is one of a family of dioxins, some found in nature, and are cousins of dibenzofurans and PCB's. Dioxin is formed by burning chlorine-based chemical compounds with hydrocarbons. The major source of dioxin in the environment (95%) comes from incinerators burning chlorinated wastes. Dioxin pollution is also affiliated with paper mills, which use chlorine bleaching in their process and with the production of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) plastics. The TCDD that can be found in Agent Orange is thought to be harmful to man. In laboratory tests on animals, TCDD has caused a wide variety of diseases, many of them fatal. TCDD is not found in nature, but rather is a man-made and is always an unwanted byproduct of the chemical process of manufacturing of certain herbicides, bactericides, wood preservatives, and other products. It is believed by many scientists to be the most toxic of all synthetic chemicals. It was first identified as a contaminant in 1957, but not recognized as a major public hazard until the mid 1970's. The Agent Orange used in Vietnam was later found to be extremely contaminated with TCDD. The Agent Orange in Vietnam was contaminated in amounts from 0.05 to almost 50 parts per million, with the most common contamination being 2 parts per million (ppm). This contamination resulted in an estimated 368 pounds of dioxin sprayed over Vietnam in a six-year period.

Primary ESL Learners in Taiwan English Literature Learning Syllabus

Primary ESL Learners in Taiwan English Literature Learning Syllabus Introduction The education enables people to gain new skills in a formal and governmentally controlled way which then benefits the individual’s professional training and promotional ladder movement. Though some people think education to be a rudiment of the renaissance age when this was a concept available to rich people only, it is necessary to emphasize the importance of education on different levels and in different ages.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Primary ESL Learners in Taiwan: English Literature Learning Syllabus specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The age groups of learners vary regarding the essence of learning. For instance, elementary and secondary education is obligatory aspect of ordinary life in most countries of the world whereas ESL learning is the area available to people who want to learn English and master it to the degree of native speaking. At the same time, many nations acknowle dge necessity of learning other languages than the native one in the context of the globalisation and developing cultural diversity issues. The syllabus will include vocabulary, language focus, listening, and speaking sections that consist of specific topics necessary for adequate development of language skills in whole. The present learning syllabus in Taiwan elementary schools was introduced to make the learning-teaching process more effective. Along with the new syllabus, a new assessment scale was introduced to functions as the following: understanding the strengths and weaknesses of students’ learning ability, assisting teachers in monitoring student learning progress, evaluating students’ learning, placing students in learning groups based on given institutional standards (Chan, 2006, p. 37). So, the syllabus for the primary school in Taiwan includes interventions for reading (phonemic awareness), writing, listening, and speaking. Reforms can be considered anot her important aspect of many sectors of human activity including education that should be adjusted to changing needs and preferences of the population with regard to the expansion of businesses into the global market, development of new areas in new fields of industry with the help of foreign partners or involvement of foreign investors. In this respect, ESL learners in Taiwan are facing the necessity of introducing new English literature learning syllabus in accordance with the importance of being in the mainstream of the language learning. Besides, a combination of the most effective approaches to design of the literature learning syllabi can be more effective than the application of a single approach or in-turn application of different approaches.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More So, ESL learners can benefit from introduction of the new approach that is aimed at u sing the task-based and topic-based learning syllabi. The present project is designed in order to outline an English literature learning syllabus for ESL learners of 8-12 years old in Taiwan. The subject will include reading, speaking, writing, listening, and pronunciation interventions for ESL students that would contribute positively to the development of language skills necessary for adequate academic development which is impossible without good reading, speaking, writing, listening, and pronunciation skills. Background The English literature learning syllabus should include the features of the topic-based and task-based approaches because ESL students should benefit more from the introduction of new instructions. The syllabus should include clear instructions and be more oriented on gaining the knowledge on a specific topic rather than on a definite text that is aimed at developing knowledge in a concrete area. General aims of the course include design of a new English learning syllabus or ESL learners in Taiwan. The social, cultural, and educational environments are under the influence of the political and economical ones because of the emerging tendencies in the economy and growth of globalisation. Participants of this syllabus are ESL learners in Taiwan and well-qualified teachers who have experience in primary teaching and ESL teaching as well. The English literature learning syllabus is introduced for the primary EFL students in Taiwan to enable them to gain knowledge in English language and understand the peculiarities of culture better. Theoretical Framework The globalization and the development of an international perspective have pushed English to become an international language or global communication language. Many countries see English as a basic educational requirement (Maurais and Morris, 2003). The motivation and environment have been examined as factors that influence the language acquisition progress by many researchers. As reported in th e study by Gunderson (2008), â€Å"Cummins argued that learning occurs in different contexts [that] provide substantial cues to the learner† (p. 41). Corson (1999) reviews the methods that can be applied to increase the language and literature learning efficiency in the ESL class.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Primary ESL Learners in Taiwan: English Literature Learning Syllabus specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For instance, increase of motivation, reduce the level of anxiety, and increase the level of pupils’ self-confidence and others (p. 199). This means that environment and motivation are of great importance for the ESL students’ effectiveness in learning. The current situation is such as the ESL learning syllabus is mostly based on the insufficient teacher training resources, content-based or topic-based approach to the presentation of new learning material in class, cooperative l earning, and learning in groups when students are divided into smaller groups than the class usually comprises for better acquisition of the presented material. In addition, the current situation with ESL students in primary school in Taiwan is such that students start learning English as a second language in a younger age than they used to before; so, students may experience difficulties related to associations built in the native and the foreign language. Moreover, students are taught to build analogies and simplify more complicated terms and concepts using new vocabulary. Qualification of teachers plays one of the major roles in effectiveness of instructions and the expected outcomes of the teaching process. â€Å"Students who are not isolated in ESL programs are thrust into mainstream classrooms with teachers little prepared to accommodate them† (Flood, International Reading Association and National Council of Teachers of English, 2003, p. 430). As suggested by Carder (20 07), â€Å"ESL teachers for primary (ages 6-11 or 12) should be well-qualified teachers of this age group, with additional training in second language teaching† (p. 38). Besides, the student teacher ratio should not exceed 8:1 (eight students per one teacher) if the ESL syllabus concerns the primary school (Carder, 2007, p. 40). The history of ESL reading instructions was reviewed by Gunderson (2008) who analysed the approaches and reading programmes used by different scholars and practicing teachers of ESL learners with regard to effectiveness of each approach and benefits gained by learners. The first approach includes a bottom-up model of teaching according to which â€Å"most teachers appear to believe students should be taught skills such as phonics and letter-sound relationship† (Gunderson, 2008, p. 36). The second model, in this case, concerns the top-down approach when students are â€Å"asked to read meaningful material† which excludes teaching the lett er-sound correspondence directly (Gunderson, 2008, p. 36).Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The compromise between these two models is reached in the third one called interactive which is supposed to combine the designs of both the top-down and the bottom-up models (Gunderson, 2008, pp. 36-37). Combination of different learning syllabi is welcomed in the educational system in order to promote educational level of ESL learners. Variety of views and approaches makes it easier for teachers to use and combine the most effective educational models for ESL students to benefit from them. Ferris and Hedgcock (2005) report about the variety of views developed in terms of the ESL composition writing, namely the opinion of expressivists who think that expressing oneself in the process of writing is the most important part of writing and cognitivists who consider problem-solving and analysis the main components of the writing process (pp. 5-6). Task-based learning can be useful in addressing conditions related to ESL students’ writing practice (Cumming, 2006, p. 163). Hinkel (2 004a) reports about the varieties of instructions for writing classes and importance of writing skills for ESL students. As such, opinion-based reports and essays are aimed at reflecting personal thoughts and vision of a student (Hinkel, 2004a, p. 10) whereas the fact-based exemplification allows the instructor to assess the cognitive concept and the knowledge gained by the ESL student (p. 24). Topic- or content-based approach to the learning syllabus which was introduced in the late 1970s in Australia to cope with the problem of ESL students that should have been included into mainstream school curriculum became a real innovation (Evans, 1996, pp. 179-180). As suggested by Evans (1996), the structure of the lesson was based on a topic, its visual presentation, building of a reading passage, analysis of the passage, and the final writing (pp. 180-182). Besides, careful structuring of the task has been identified as the primary factor for effective teaching-learning process using the task-based approach (Clegg, 1996, p. 17). In addition, the pace of language and inter-language development should be increased to ensure that an ESL student succeeds in learning (Clegg, 1996, p. 18). Different approaches used with ESL students enable the teacher to perform the teaching-learning process more effectively. The study by Brownlie, Feniak and McCarthy (2004) enables the readers to understand the benefits of different models of learning. For instance, ESL students are claimed to benefit more from lessons if they find the tasks a bit difficult and challenging and the instructions do not take the most part of the lesson (Brownlie, Feniak and McCarthy, 2004, p. 2). A literature learning syllabus for ESL primary learners may focus more on topics and vocabulary rather than on specific works of literature (Carder, 2007, p. 55). The process of reading is not only a part of the English literature learning syllabus but also an important element of second language acquisition that has a number of benefits (Carder, 2007, p. 59). Language learning syllabus should be aimed at developing such skills as recognition and identification of definite â€Å"sounds, letters, lexicogrammar, sentence†, â€Å"awareness of language†, and other useful components that would be applied during the entire learning course (Carder, 2007, p. 58). Mississippi Department of Education (1998) insisted on the importance of instructing students how to read; so, clear instructions facilitate learning. Grade books may appear to be too difficult and easier variants can be used. The book by Barchers (1991) is structured in an interesting way including texts and explanations and clear instructions to each of them making it really simple: Read the book aloud. Allow the students to fill in words as they listen. During the second reading, list a variety of examples of alliteration on the board. Find the 60 objects in the book that begin with the letter â€Å"f†. Then list all the foods mentioned in the story (Barchers, 1991, p.146). The study by Honig (2001) advocates the importance of associating the typed text with the speech heard by students. Larkin (2003) insists on the importance of reading words correctly; this method â€Å"†¦ helps students to improve their reading comprehension, increase their vocabulary, and work cooperatively with peers† (p.156). Assessment of the ESL learners enables the teachers to thrust them into mainstream curriculum school so that they became an integral part of the learning process paying no attention to their previous achievement and gaining knowledge in other subjects as well as mastering their language skills. The skills gained by ESL learners are assessed by the teachers in order to identify whether they are ready to enter the mainstream of the curriculum with other students whose native language is English; assessment includes measurement of listening, reading, writing, and speaking skills and pronunci ation (McKay, 2006). At the same time, some learners may feel anxiety while being assessed and demonstrate poorer skills and knowledge than was previously seen in ordinary classes without introducing tests and assessment scales. The task-based curriculum requires students to be capable of fulfilling various tasks that are claimed to become useful for future learning; topic-based curriculum is supposed to be limited to specific topics taught through various visual aids and instructions to facilitate understanding of the topic and build bridges between the native language and second language. Literature-based approach in teaching-learning is isolated in terms of the definite number of literary sources in accordance to which the ESL students are expected to acquire knowledge about the environment and cultural peculiarities of the second language. Competency-based syllabus is designed in a way that makes the ESL students gain knowledge and experience in the areas that are believed to be of primary importance; for instance, students are taught to identify letter-sound relations in order to pas the text on this activity later. Context Analysis The effectiveness of every model that has been in operation should not be questioned because it appeared to be effective for the period in which it operated. At the same time, the model or design is updated as soon as it becomes inappropriate for the audience, other methodologies applied to it, and the results anticipated from its work. In this respect, the effect of the communicative language teaching model has been analysed by Hinkel (2011b), â€Å"The communicative competence model proved highly successful in broadening the scope of classroom teaching and applied linguistics† (p. 348). In this case, this model is worth being used for design of a new English literature learning syllabus for ESL students in Taiwan. Needs analysis can be fulfilled using the needs assessment tool introduced in the study by Nunan (1992, p . 248), can be seen in the Appendices section. According to this tool, students should be surveyed with the help of simple questions that concern their language skills and language difficulties experienced in their ordinary environment. So, this survey enables the teacher to identify without any stressful tests how a student feels about his/her progress in English, communication in different levels, listening skills, and other areas that might require more attention in the process of teaching-learning. Material and visual resources should contain word cards and pictures where all the objects and most situations in different topics are depicted. In this respect, a teacher would not need to write down the words on the blackboard every time. Besides, it would be interesting for children to draw pictures on different topics by themselves to put those up when the teacher asks them in English. Visual perception of the text as well association of words with specific objects is very importa nt. Preparation for every lesson will take a lot of time if a teacher is going to provide every; time limitation would not be a problem in case of clear organization of the lesson with comprehensive instructions. The use of vocabulary and other tools to enrich the students’ understanding of the language structure and meaning and develop ESL students’ desire to learn the language further are the primary tasks of the course. Course Rationale, Organisation, And Approach Aims of the course include a variety of assignments aimed at developing listening and reading skills, writing and speaking skills, and pronunciation. Besides, comprehension of the read material should be an integral part of the expected results of the learning syllabus because lack of understanding contributes negatively to the further learning achievements and influences the entire concept of language learning as it includes many aspects. The course is designed for the ESL learners in Taiwan taking into a ccount the primary school aged 8-12 years. Instructional language with a prevailing number of infinitive constructions will be used to provide instructions in the classroom. The lexical range of verbs will be developed as the class progresses including adequate translations as soon as the verb is introduced for the first time and repetition of the verb accompanied by specific actions. For instance, if a teacher tells â€Å"take your books†, he/she should do what he/she says to show pupils, repeat the same phrase in their native language and repeat it in English again. The assessment of achievement will be performed right after the class (using a 5-10 minute period to find out what pupils got to know). In addition, every class should start with a brainstorming activity to recollect what was said and learn at the previous class. The learning-teaching context will concern an ordinary classroom that will be steadily filled in with words and pictures on the walls referring to the topics studied in the language acquisition, in literature, and grammar. This course strives to help students to gain more abilities for reading, writing and speaking. The following areas will be components of the syllabus analysis and justification: description of entry level to course, description of intended exit level, description of assessment, course description, and course goals. Description of entry level to course The entry level to the course will include needs analysis using the model offered in the appendices section and evaluation of the gaps students may have in terms of the English language acquisition and use in everyday life and activities requiring the use of English language. At this stage, it is necessary to recognise that a student has or might have problems and he/she needs help in coping with those issues. Dividing the class into groups should not be fulfilled in accordance with the language competence level but on the basis of the types of information percepti on. For instance, some students may read and remember the typed text better while others are better listeners and understand the speech on the TV and on the radio better than their classmates. Description of intended exit level The exit level for ESL students that are going to finish this course include achievement of the goals enumerated below. Description of Assessment The assessment of the preliminary stage was already discussed while assessment of each student’s achievement in terms of language acquisition concerns the tests and quizzes aimed at analysis of the speaking, reading, writing, listening, and pronunciation skills. Course Description The course includes information on topics to improve the ESL students’ speaking, writing, listing, reading, and pronunciation skills. Course Goals Improve listing and comprehension skills Strengthen vocabulary Develop students’ basic English communication abilities (speaking including formulation of their thoughts) Ra ise students’ interest in learning English Broaden students’ cross-culture awareness The importance of grammar cannot be excluded from the learning syllabus. The study by Gordon (2007) contains analysis of different approaches used to teach grammar as a part of the language learning syllabus. However, everything can be arranged in the following way: the first phase of teaching-learning should concern noun phrases (nouns, adjectives, pronouns, determiners, noun clauses, and infinitives) (Lester, 2008, pp. 3-119). The next phase of learning should enable ESL students to acquire verb phrases using basic forms of the verbs, special verbs, adverbs, and vary tenses of the verbs (Lester, 2008, pp. 119-273). Finally, active and passive sentences including affirmative and interrogative statements should be introduced to the ESL students so that they could find the application of their knowledge on parts of speech in practice (Lester, 2008, pp. 273-334). In this respect, gramma r can be arranged in the way that meets the topic of the speaking and reading parts of the syllabus. Vocabulary The vocabulary should include the topics indicated in the appendices section in order to make the learning process more well-organized and structured for better understanding of the foreign culture by ESL students in Taiwan. Speaking: The topics for speaking include the same as those for development of ESL students’ vocabulary because the topics should coincide in order to be effective in the learning syllabus. As such, the topics are the same as for vocabulary area: Listening: The same as the speaking and vocabulary areas concerns the listening area because it is important to develop different skills using the topic-based approach. Writing: This area of the learning syllabus should combine the grammar and vocabulary/speaking/listening topics in order to be effective. Nouns and pronouns should be introduced with the topic about ‘myself’ and family while the adjectives would be better used with such topics as weather and appearance. Adverbs can be introduced together with the topic of directions and geography while differences between direct and indirect speech should be learnt in the framework of the discussion of literary sources. Pronunciation: This area should include the same sources as for other areas such as speaking and vocabulary. Grading Scale Writing Assignments 30% Tests/quizzes 50% Class Participation 20% Anticipated Problems And Limitations Limitation of the course includes the number of teacher necessary to accomplish every lesson because the learning groups should consist of 8-10 students and no more. Besides, it is necessary to take into account the amount of materials necessary for every topic and importance of variety of assignments so that students were not bored. Approach To Course Evaluation The assessment of the needs was already offered in the Appendices section while the evaluation of the outcomes should be performed after every class and after every topic using standard tests and evaluation sheets. For instance, Hedge (2000), uses 2 stages of textbook selecting process. The syllabus is designed in the way suggested in this paper using specific topics for instruction and clear explanation of assignments for students. The further gaps of the syllabus can be identified in the process of operation and indicated by the teacher and survey aimed at analysing the students’ opinion and their satisfaction level. Other limitations of the syllabus include the previous experience of the students in English language acquisition and their achievements. The course evaluation should comprise at least two approaches aimed at analysis of the achievements before and after the implementation of the new syllabus. As such, it is possible to introduce a test based on multiple-choice questions for students of 8-12 age group so that a teacher could see their literacy level and divide them adequately in to groups for teaching-learning a new syllabus. The next step in the assessment should include evaluation of students’ achievements after being in the program for some time (at least two months); this means that evaluation should be performed in a stage-by-stage manner to understand the effectiveness of the syllabus and its influence on the learning process of ESL students in primary school in Taiwan. Conclusion The reforms are always important for different sectors of human activity but education is one of the areas where reforms also can be either positive or negative. As a rule, the gaps in the methodologies and techniques are identified after their implementation into full operation. This also causes multiple problems and necessity for solving them. As such, the importance of education was advocated in many studies while others think education to be a rudiment of the ancient ages when this was a method for achieving some goals. At the same time, education remains the meth od of achieving one’s goals because it enables people to think differently, read books, and learn something new due to their skills. The age of learners can vary but the methodologies remain the same because of their proven effectiveness. English is claimed to be an international language and every country attempts to introduce it as a foreign language into the system of education to develop the learners’ interest and desire to learn it in a more advanced level. Every syllabus should be designed in the way that facilitates understanding and learning of the material offered by the teacher. Social, cultural and educational values may shift priorities but the desires remain the same and people often need formal education to go further up the career promotional ladder. In Taiwan, education has a strong basis for English language acquisition and instructions but they want to achieve more in giving their students the best practices and making them more experienced in English . Reference List Barchers, S. (1991). Bridges to Reading: Grades K-3. Florida: Libraries Unlimited. Brownlie, F., Feniak, C. and McCarthy, V., 2004. Instruction and assessment of ESL learners: promoting success in your classroom. 2nd ed. Winnipeg, MB: Portage Main Press. Carder, M., 2007. Bilingualism in international schools: a model for enriching language education: Volume 8 of Parents and teachers guides. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Chan, Yu-Ching, 2006. â€Å"Elementary school EFL teachers’ beliefs and practices of multiple assessments.† Reflections on English Language Teaching 7.1, pp. 37–62. 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